The Central Dogma of Life is a fundamental concept in molecular biology that explains how genetic information flows within a cell. It describes the process by which the information stored in DNA is converted into functional proteins. This flow of biological information from DNA to RNA and from RNA to protein is known as the Central Dogma of Life.
Definition
Central Dogma of Life: Genes contain information needed for the synthesis of protein molecules. The flow of biological information, from DNA to RNA and from RNA to protein, is known as the "central dogma of life."
In simple words: The Central Dogma explains how genetic information flows from DNA → RNA → Protein.
Core Concept
Genes contain information needed for the synthesis of protein molecules.
The flow of biological information is:
DNA → RNA → Protein
Protein synthesis takes place in two major steps:
Together, transcription and translation are known as gene expression.
Detailed Explanation
The Flow of Genetic Information
DNATranscription→RNATranslation→Protein
DNA stores the genetic information.
RNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome.
Protein is the functional product of gene expression.
The flow is unidirectional under normal conditions.
Reverse transcription (RNA → DNA) occurs in retroviruses (e.g., HIV).
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