12.1 Polymers

Introduction

Polymers are large molecules built from many smaller repeating units called monomers. These monomers bond covalently to form long chains giving polymers their unique properties.

Polymerisation is the joining up of many monomers to form a big molecule.

Polymers are everywhere in modern life — from plastic bags and bottles to clothing fibres and car parts. They can be classified into two categories based on their synthesis:

• Addition polymers
• Condensation polymers

This section explains what polymers are and introduces the two main types.

Definition

Polymers: Polymers are large molecules built from many smaller repeating units called monomers.

Monomers: Monomers are small molecules that bond together to form polymers.

Polymerisation: Polymerisation is the joining up of many monomers to form a big molecule.

In simple words: Polymers are large molecules made by joining many small molecules (monomers) together.

Main Idea

• Polymers are large molecules built from many smaller repeating units called monomers.
• These monomers bond covalently to form long chains.
• This gives polymers their unique properties.
• Polymerisation is the joining up of many monomers to form a big molecule.
• Polymers can be classified into two categories based on their synthesis:

Core Concept

Key point: Polymers are large molecules made by joining many small molecules (monomers) together through covalent bonds.

Detailed Explanation

What are Polymers?

Polymers are large molecules built from many smaller repeating units called monomers.

• These monomers bond covalently to form long chains.
• This gives polymers their unique properties.
• Polymerisation is the joining up of many monomers to form a big molecule.

Key point: Polymers are large molecules made by joining many small molecules (monomers) together.

Types of Polymers

Polymers can be classified into two categories based on their synthesis:

• Addition polymers
• Condensation polymers

This section introduces both types.