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Chapter 12: Halogens

FBISE / NBF · Class 11 Chemistry
15 topics in this chapter

Halogen Physical TrendsGroup 17 (the halogens) exist as diatomic molecules X₂.Explanation, equations & revision insideView Full Notes →
Oxidising Power and DisplacementOxidising power of the halogens falls down Group 17: F₂ > Cl₂ > Br₂ > I₂.Explanation, equations & revision insideView Full Notes →
Hydrogen HalidesHydrogen halides are HX compounds (HF, HCl, HBr, HI).Explanation, equations & revision insideView Full Notes →
Halide Tests (named)School halide test: acidify with dilute HNO₃, add AgNO₃.Explanation, equations & revision insideView Full Notes →
Uses and Safety (slogans)School halogen uses are named slogans: chlorine in water disinfection, fluoride in toothpaste, iodine as an antiseptic name, PVC/PTFE as polExplanation, equations & revision insideView Full Notes →
Reaction With Water and Alkali (school)Chlorine reacts with water to give a mixture of HCl and HClO (HOCl), an acidic solution that can bleach damp litmus.Explanation, equations & revision insideView Full Notes →
Fluorine As the ExtremeFluorine is the most electronegative element and the strongest oxidising halogen (F₂ at the top of F₂ > Cl₂ > Br₂ > I₂).Explanation, equations & revision insideView Full Notes →
Exam Response (halogens)An exam response on halogens is a structured answer that states the required trend or test, gives the chemical reason or equation, and addsExplanation, equations & revision insideView Full Notes →
Halogen Physical Trends — VolatilityVolatility of the halogens is how readily X₂ enters the vapour phase.Explanation, equations & revision insideView Full Notes →
Halogen Physical Trends — Colour and SolubilityHalogen colours deepen down Group 17: F₂ pale yellow gas, Cl₂ greenish-yellow gas, Br₂ red-brown liquid, I₂ dark grey solid with violet vapoExplanation, equations & revision insideView Full Notes →
Oxidising Power and Displacement — DisplacementDisplacement is the practical redox test of halogen oxidising power: a more reactive halogen X₂ oxidises the halide of a less reactive halogExplanation, equations & revision insideView Full Notes →
Oxidising Power and Displacement — WhyOxidising power falls down Group 17 because atoms get larger and more shielded, electronegativity falls, and gaining an electron becomes lesExplanation, equations & revision insideView Full Notes →
Hydrogen Halides — Acid StrengthAcid strength of hydrogen halides in water increases HF < HCl < HBr < HI.Explanation, equations & revision insideView Full Notes →
Uses and Safety (slogans) — Named UsesNamed halogen uses at school level include chlorine in water disinfection slogans, fluoride in toothpaste, iodine as an antiseptic name, andExplanation, equations & revision insideView Full Notes →
Fluorine As the Extreme — Compounds NamedNamed fluorine compounds in the school story include HF, ionic fluorides, CaF₂ (fluorspar), PTFE, SF₆ (in some books), and fluoride toothpasExplanation, equations & revision insideView Full Notes →

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Next chapterCh 13: Environmental Chemistry-AirAll chaptersClass 11 ChemistryClass 11 notesMore subjectsChapter 1History of ChemistryChapter 2Atomic StructureChapter 3Chemical BondingChapter 4StoichiometryChapter 5States and Phases of MatterChapter 6Energetics

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