PhysicsChapter 11: Medical Imaging
X-Ray Imaging and Contrast
X-ray imaging
Definition
X-ray imaging forms an image from differences in the amount of X-ray radiation transmitted through and absorbed by different tissues.
Bone
X-rays entering the body do not all reach the detector. Different tissues attenuate X-rays by different amounts. Generally attenuates X-rays more strongly than many soft tissues. Less radiation reaches the detector behind dense bone.
Soft Tissue
Many soft tissues produce less attenuation than bone, though attenuation varies with composition and photon energy.
Contrast
Image contrast occurs when neighbouring regions produce different detected X-ray intensities. A common attenuation relation is: **I = I₀e(−μx)** where: `I₀` = incident intensity `I` = transmitted intensity `μ` = linear attenuation coefficient `x` = thickness
Formula / Key Relation
**I = I₀e(−μx)**
Exam preparation
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Review the key facts, formulas and checks before you move on.X-Ray Imaging and Contrast
Sticky Notes · Quick Revision
X-RAY CONTRAST
- Tissue
- ↓
- different attenuation
- ↓
- different detector intensity
- ↓
- image contrast
60-second revision
- Different tissues attenuate X-rays differently.
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