PhysicsChapter 8: Nuclear Physics
Radioactive Decay Law and Activity
The radioactive decay law
Definition
The radioactive decay law describes the exponential decrease in the number of undecayed radioactive nuclei with time. Activity is the rate at which radioactive nuclei decay.
Activity
If `N` nuclei remain: dN/dt = −λN where `λ` is the decay constant. Solving gives: N=N₀e(-λt) where: `N₀` = initial number of radioactive nuclei. Activity `R` or `A_r` is: **R = −dN/dt Therefore: R=λN Initial activity: R₀=λN₀ Thus: R=R₀e(-λt)**
SI Unit
Activity is measured in: **becquerel (Bq) 1 Bq = 1 decay per second**
Formula / Key Relation
**dN/dt=−λN N=N₀e(−λt) R=λN**
Exam preparation
Exam Focus
Quick revision
Revision Zone
Review the key facts, formulas and checks before you move on.Radioactive Decay Law and Activity
Sticky Notes · Quick Revision
Decay:
- `N=N₀e-λt`
- Activity:
- `R=λN`
- Unit:
- `Bq = s⁻¹`
60-second revision
- Both number of nuclei and activity decrease exponentially.
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