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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy

Chemistry · Class 12

Q1. Define Atomic Emission Spectroscopy.

Q2. Explain: CONTINUOUS VS LINE.

Q3. Give one clear example of Atomic Emission Spectroscopy and say why it fits.

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Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) measures light absorbed by ground-state atoms at element-specific wavelengths — the reverse partner of emission. A hollow-cathode or element lamp shines through an atomised sample (flame/furnace); detector sees how much resonant light is missing. Each element has its own absorption fingerprint, so AAS is widely used for quantitative metal analysis in water, foo

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Classical combustion is limited to C/H/O formula work. Modern IR finds functional groups; UV-Vis finds conjugation/colour centres; NMR maps hydrogen environments; atomic methods quantify metals; MS gives mass and fragments. Forensic chemistry applies these tools to evidence for reports and courts — analysts need strong analytical background, attention to detail, and problem-solving. Practical scho

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Combustion Analysis

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Infrared (ir) Spectroscopy

IR wavelengths roughly 2.5–16 μm (about 4000–625 cm−1) supply energy for bond vibrations. Heteronuclear bonds that change dipole during vibration absorb IR. Spectra look complex because bonds vibrate in many modes, but characteristic peaks identify functional groups. Example: propanone shows strong C=O near ~1720 cm−1 and C–H near ~3000 cm−1; peak intensity reflects bond type more than atom count.

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Mass Spectrometry

Mass spectrometry (MS) ionises sample molecules, accelerates ions, separates them by mass-to-charge (mz) in electric/magnetic fields, and detects the pattern. School steps often listed: vaporisation, ionisation (positive ions), acceleration, deflection/separation, detection. The spectrum gives the molecular ion (related to molecular mass) and fragment ions that help structure. MS also determines

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